Flying-machine.



S. MONTGOMERY.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.14, 1908. 962,652, Patented June 28, 1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET l.

mtomwta S. MONTGOMERY. FLYING MACHINE. APPLI-GATION FILED DEG. 14, 1908.

962,652, Patented June 28; 1910. 8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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APPLICATION FILED D3014, 1908.

Pateflted June 28,1910.

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hwcmfoz S. MONTGOMERY. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.14, 1908.

9 Patented June 28, 1910. j Z Y 8 SHEETSSHEET 4.

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S. MONTGOMERY.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.14, 190a.

$62,652 Patented June 28, 1910.

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S. MONTGOMERY.

FLYING MACHINE,

APPLIGATION FILED DEC. 14, 190B. I gg g Patented June 28,1910.

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Qvwenfoz fiamuwi Montgonwry S. MONTGOMERY.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.14, 1908.

Patented June 28, 1910.

8 SHEET88HEET 7.

avwemfo'c 1dmuel Hontgwnerg S. MONTGOMERY.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.14, 190s.

Patented June 28, 1910.

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SAMUEL MONTGOMERY, OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA.

- FLYING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, SAMUEnMoN'rooMERY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stockton, in the county of San Joaquin, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying- Machines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it 'appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to. the characters' of reference marked thereon, whic form a part of this application.

This invention relates to improvements in flying or aerial machines and particularly to that class commonly known'as aeroplanes,

the object of the invention being to produce a machine, which will rise as soon as the mechanism is started in motion and one which can be readily directed in a vertical motion or longitudinal motion as may be desired and one in which the speed may be regulated accurately either to a. high 'speed' or low speed as required.

A further object of the invention is to produce a means of safety in case anything occurs'to disable the motive mechanism.

I also aim to provide an engine for the machine which will use alcohol or other fluid .for steam, such engine having condensing means whereby the same material may be used and reused for the purpose.

A further object of the invention is to provide an engine which will not have a dead center but one which will be always ready to start instantly when the steam is.

admitted thereto.

A further object of the invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive device and one which can be readily constructed for the use of every class of people and one which can 'be-used for transporting freight as well as persons with ease and accuracy.

These main objects and many minor ones 1 I accomplish by means of a main center pair of shafts or supports one rotatable upon the other, suspended on the lower end of which is a cage or cab suitably inclosed by wlre mesh or other desired material within which cab or cage is disposed the running gear, there being a condensing drum suspended from the bottom of such cab or cage within which drum is an engine adaptedto be oper- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jung 28, 1910, Application filed. December 14, 1908. Serial-No. 467,469.

ated by alcoholic, or other fluid, vapor steam generated within a boiler in said cab. or-cage andadapted to be condensed after use by such condenser and returned to said boiler. The engine described above drives cables which rotate clutch drums on a sleeve rotatably mounted on said lower shaft which drums rotate umbrella shaped brace members malntalning motive vanes so construct ed as to raise themselves upon the air thus cilirrying the cage and other parts upward a so.

To make a safety mechanism provided anything occurs to the main mechanism 1 provide a parachute on the main standard which can be opened instantly and closed easily when not in use. The condenser is also adapted to displace suificient water to maintain the machine when it lights in water and I also provide air bags or cushions for the same purpose. i

In practice of course such other and further structure and relative arrangement of parts are employed as are necessary, for the v I perfect manipulation of the machine, all

as will more fully appear'by a perusal of the following specification and claims.

In the drawings similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the cage and engine of the machine. Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the engine and condenser. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken relatively on a line ww of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of a piston operating mechanism. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken relatively on a line y-g of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation of a running gear and control therefor. Fig. 8'

is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 9 1s a. top plan view of a steering gear. is a side elevation of the same. 'Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the-boiler and burner of the engine. Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view of the actuating vanes of the machine. Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view of the top supporting rod and sleeves for the actuating vanes. Fig. 15 is a sectional 'view of the Fig. 10 1 bottom supporting drums of the vanes. Fig.

16 is a fragmentary side view of the actusectional view taken on a line ating vane structure. Fig. 17 is a side elevation of the propelling drums and grooved sheaves and clutchmechanism. Fig. 18 is a top plan view of a friction clutch. Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken on a line zz of Fig. 17 with" friction actuating pins shown in full as will appear. Fig. 20 1s a a-a of Fig. plan view of a pulley 18. Fig.2l is a to ig. 22 is a fragmentary partly broken out.

view of a friction pin actuating mechanism.

,- Fig. 23 is a sectional view of a safety parachute-mechanism. Fig. 24 is a sectional View of .a parachute raising mechanism. Fig. is afragm'entary view of a parachute lowering mechanism. c Fig. 26 is a top plan view of an air bag supporting means. Fig. 27 is a sectional vlew taken on a line bb of Fig. 26.

Referring now more particularly to the characters of reference on the drawings 1 desi nates the main supporting shaft or standard of the machine, rotatable below which. is a shaftl connected with the same I channel by means of ball bearings 1 on the lower end of the shaft l by means of cent pair of vanes,

Suspended collars 3 is the floor 4 of a cage or cab 5 such collars 3 having interposed between them ball bearings 6. Disposed over the topof the shaft 1 isan inverted recessed cap 7, there being a spring'8 bearing between the bottom ofthe recessed cap 7 and the top of the shaft 1. Rotatabl mounted on the cap 7 is a sleeve 9 mounted on which is a frustoball bearings 11 conical cap 10 turnable on and mounted on the cap 7 and bearing on the top of the cap 1Q is a sleeve 12 bearing on which is another frusto-conical cap 13 rotatable on ballbearings 14. Secured on thecaps 13 are wires 15 extending obliquely downward and connected with inverted disposed circumferentially and joined .to-

gether as at 17in such-manner as to admit an air space or'inlet 18 between each adja: the vanes being suit-ably curved as at 19 to permit the above construction. From the vanes 16 wires 20 extend to a drum 21 secured to a sleeve 22' rotatable on the shaft 1, as will hereinafter appear, the rotation of the vanes causing the an to pass into the channels through Y the spaces 18 thus lifting the same into the a1r, such operation being assisted by the opposite direction therefrom,

shaped vanes 16, such vanes being tical manner and uprightly into the air and to maintain its equilibrium therein, the forward or backward movement of the same being accomplished by other propelling means as will appear.

To drive the rising motive vanes described above and also todrive the machine longitudinally as will hereinafter appear, I

the entire corrugated surface of the con denser. -Within the condenser is a cylinder 29 in which is a piston 30 having a piston rod 31, there being an intake valve 32 at each end of the cylinder 29. Extending from the ends of the cylinder 29 to the ends of the condenser 27 and opening into said cylinder 29 are hollow tubes 33 having ports 34 opening into the condenser 27. Wlthin the tubes' 33 and encircling the rod 31 are sleeves 35 adapted to project normally slightly beyond the ends of the condenser 27 and having inner valves 36 adapted to form a closure over the opening from the cylinder 29 into; the tube 33 at that end when the sleeve projects beyond the end of the condenser and when this is true the piston 30 is also atthe same end of the cylinder 29 and.

the valve 32 at that end is held 0 pen'by links 37 flexibly connected with the sleeves 35 thus permitting the entrance of steam through the valve 32 into the cylinder,

which steam drives the piston 30 to the other end of the cylinder 28 and then a pin 38 engages the projecting end of the sleeve 35 and drives it inward and opens a valve 36 and causes the links 37 to close the valve 32 and thus permitv the steam to escape to the condenser 27 through the orts 34. As the piston approaches the en of the cylinder a pin 39 engages the sleeve 35 and drives it outward, closing the valve 36 and opening the valve 32 as described and this motion and operation is repeated with each drive of the 1ston, thus .giving me a double action on t e piston. o

In the bottom of the condenser 27 I have provided two force ejectors constructed as follows z-Two cylinders 40 and 41 are disposed side by side at each end of the coni In the cylinders 40 are pistons 45 having" a drive rod 46 flexibly .joined with the se.'e' 5 by means of projectin pins 47 engaging said rod 46 at a 1 flexib e joint 48 whereby with each move of a a plurality of flaring. cups 51 spaced apart one within the other forming intermediate spaces 52, the center one of which opens into a burner orfire box 53 and to a flue 54 having. a draft stack 55, the .other spaces 53 being suitably connected and having a pipe 56 connecting them with. the valves 32. W1th-in the box 53 is a bottom cup 57 into which is forced an auxiliary cup 58 having vertical corrugations'59 in its sides, there b'eingan alcohol or other liquid fuel supply pipe 60 v entering the bottom of the cup 58, and the grasified alcohol, or other liquid fuel burning om the top of the corrugations, and receiving its draft through a plurality of holes 61. in the side of the box 53 just-above the top of the cup 58. A- supply drum 62 su'pplies the'pipe 60 while a drum 63 may be connected with the condenser 27 for'supply ing fluid should the condensing be not sutfi- I cient to keep the boiler supplied.

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On each end of the driving piston rod 31 is an endless rope or cable 64 which runs. over sheaves 65 and 66 'on the ends of frames 67 on the floor 4 and thence between sheaves 68 within the cage- 5,' such cables radiating into four strands 69, 70, 71 and 72, the strand 69 winding around a pulley 73 freely turnable on the sleeve 22, the strand 70 around a pulley 74 freely turnable on the shaft 1 and the strand 72 around a pulley 76 freely turnable on the shaft 1*.

, Journaledon the hub of each of the pulleys 73 to 7.6 is a disk 77 havin an arm 78 projecting through the rim of t e pulley through which arm the strand around said pulley passes. Disposedbetween the pulleys 73 and 74 is a friction pulley 79 keyed to the sleeve 22, on either side of which pulley are a double set of segmental friction members 80, the inner upper ones being connected with such disk by pins 82. Similarly the lower inner and outer members 80 are connected with the disk 77 on the pulley 74 by means of pins 83 and 84 respectively (best seen in Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22). Similarly there is disposed between the pulleys 75 and 76 a friction clutch constructed as above described.

When the engine operates, the cable 64 draws first one way and then another and to counteract this intermittent motion and give the rising vanes a continuous motion is the object of the friction clutch mechanism described above.

The operation is as follows \Vhen the pulley 73. rotates in one direction itcauses the pins 81 and 82'to cause the members 80 to grip the pulley 78 and drive the sleeve 22 and incidentally the vanes 16 and the pulley 74 rotating the'same way and the pins 83 and. 84 being reverse to the pins 81 and 82 the pulley 73 runs free but on the reverse movement the pulley 73 causes the pins 83 and 84 to cause the members 80 to grip the pulley 79 and continue its rotary movement. Similarly the pulleys-7 5 and 76 operate to rotate the shaft 1 and vanes 23-, the construction being such as to rotate such vanes 23 in a direction opposite to that of the vane 16 on the outerend of -which shaft is a prO- peller andsimilarly the other end of the cable 86 extends over sheaves 91 and then around a pulley 92 on a shaft 93 carrying a propeller 94. The sheaves 87 are journaled in slidable blocks 95 maintained in normal position by means of springs 96. To

stop the operation of the propeller 90 a lever 97 is operated to cause a cable 98 to slide the block to loosen the cable 86 so as to run loosely around the ing the same. Sim1larly the sheaves 92 are journaled in blocks 99 maintained by springs 100, there being a lever 101 and cable 102 for sliding the block 99 to loosen the cable 86 to stop the rotation of the pulley 93 and pro peller 94. a

The propeller 90 in addition to its function as'a ropeller is designed to perform the functions of a rudder for deflecting the machine upward, downward or side wise, the construction and operation being as follows -the shaft 89 is formed with a flexible joint within a drum 103, such drum being turnable upward or downward by means of a gear 104 intermeshing with a- -worm gear 105 provided with a handle crank 106 to turn said gears to tilt the propeller 90 upward or downward and to turn it to either side a handle 107 is operated to turn pulley 88 without rotat a gear 108 on a sleeve 109 within which the 90, which, by reason of the changedposition' of the parts can be turned to either side as required for steering purposes.

, As a safety means and also as a means for protection from sun or rain I have provided a parachute on the shaft 1 within the spring 117 spring is normally compressed. When the parachute is closed, the ends of the ribs 110' operating vanes, which parachute is constructed and operates as follows':On the shaft '1 within the supporting wires of the motive vanes is disposed theparachute composed of ribs 110 over which may be stretched any suitable fabric or material 111,

such ribs being pivoted to a collar 112 on the said shaft 1. Pivotally connected with the ribs 110 are brace members 113 and 114 pivotally connected with collars 115 and 116 respectively, such collars beingslidably disposed on. the shaft 1, and having a coil bearing therebetween. which fit into a collar 118, which collar is slidable on the shaft 1 and having an arm 119 extending through the floor 4 and connected with a lever 120 having a foot tread 121 and a spring 122 to maintain the normal position of thecollar 118. To open the para- .chute the operator presses ,-the tread' 121 which operatesthe lever 120 and arm 119 to disengage the collar 118 from the ribs 110 and then the pressure of the spring 117 and the natural suspension of the air'drives the braces" 113 and 114 apartand opens the ribs 110. To close the parachute a reel 123 is operated to actuate an endless rope 124 connected with the collar 115 to pull such collar downward'and incidentally the ribs 110 until they again engage the collar 118.

As before described the condenser 27 also serves the function as a water displacer when the machine alights in water and to further this function I provide an outer water proof bag. surroundln machine which substantially fulfils the ob- IIGXTGSStLIg jects of the invention as set forth herein. .The vanes constructed as described give the ing no ead center isalso capable of maintaining a proper motion to such vanes. By the use of-alcohol as a fuel and for steam and condensing and reusing the steam, I am capable of making long flights with but a small amount of weight on the machine.

While this specification sets forth in detail the present and preferred construction rotating such vanes,

the outer edge" of the cage 5 (shown in clrcular form in pulleys alternately 'nately with said pulleys, and

rise into the air. The engine hav-' of the device, still in practice such deviations' from such detail may be resorted to as do not form a departure from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and useful and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A flying machine comprising a main shaft carrying a cage, a motive means 'on said shaft, and a parachute on said shaft, means for maintaining said parachute in a normal closed position, and a-spring actuated means for throwing said parachute open.

2. A flying machine comprising 'a main shaft, air vanes disposed on said shaft, such an vanes comprising a plurality of inverted channel irons circumferentially disposed and joined at their ends, meansfor rotating such vanes, and a cage on said shaft, as described.

3. A flying machine comprising a main shaft, air vanes thereon, such vanes comprising a plurality of invertedchannel members clrcumferentially disposed and joined j I and spaced apart at such ends at their ends, to form intermediate air spaces, means for and a cage on said shaft, as described.

4. A flying machine comprising a shaft, a cage suspended thereon leaving theshaft free to turn, motive air vanes on said shaft, such vanes being operated by an engine, such engine being secured to said cage'and comprising a cylinder,

on said rod, pulleyson said shaft, such av double action piston therein, a piston rod on said piston, cables cables extending around such pulleys, and

friction clutches engageable with said ulleys for rotating s'uchshaft, as described? flying machine comprising a shaft, motive vanes thereon, two pulleys spaced apart, and loosely turnable on said shaft, a

friction clutch member keyed to said shaft means 'for turning said between said pulleys,

in opposite directions, and means for engaging said clutch alterto be carried by said shaft. I

6.. A flying machine comprising a main shaft, motive means thereon,'a cage on said shaft, and an inflatable bag around said cage. 1

7. A flying machine comprisin a cage, a means for lifting said cage into t e air and engine for driving such lifting means, such engine comprising a condensing drum, a cylinder within sa1d drum, a piston in said cylinder, a rod on said piston, valves in said cylinder, means on said rod for opening and closing said valves, and means ermitting the escape of steam from said va ves, as

set forth.

8. A flying machine comprising a shaft a cage suspended thereon, shafts journaled a cage adapted in said cage, p opellers on said shafts, pul- In testimony whereof I afix my signature leys on said shafts, a pulle on said first in presence of two witnesses. s

} named shaft, an endless cab e engaging all SAMUEL MONTGOMERY.

of said pulleys, means for disenga mg said cable from said first named pulleys and Witnesses:

means for rotating said pulley on said first v PERCY S. WEBSTER, named shaft. JOSHUA B. WEBSTER. 

